Washers, rings

Types and differences of fasteners

A washer is a fastening locking element whose appearance is associated with the use of the nineteenth century. metal products in places with high vibration, dynamic and static loads. That is, there was a problem of frequent and dangerous loosening of threaded connections. Thus, to increase the resistance of the fastener, a gasket material (hereinafter referred to as a washer) is placed under the bolt head or under the nut, which not only protects the connection from loosening but also increases the bearing surface area.

By increasing the area of reinforced clamping, the washer protects the surface of the part or structure from damage. This makes it possible to use the metal product for joining thin-sheet and painted materials.

Today, the washer has many varieties and names. Some of them (locking rings) are used as an independent type of fastener, installed in grooves on rotation mechanisms. Other types of fasteners do not perform entirely fastening functions. For example, a spacer washer works to change the distance between parts located on the same axis or in the same hole.

In addition to special washers, there are also commonly used types. This is, for example, a spring washer, or also called a Grover washer, in honor of the inventor, which serves as a shock absorber under load. Also, a flat washer used to increase the area of contact between a bolt or nut and a workpiece.

One of the most effective types of locking is the NORD LOCK washer, which consists of two rings. It fixes threaded connections by tension, not friction.

In addition to the shape and purpose, an important feature is the choice of the material of the washers. It all depends on the location, temperature conditions, and the conditions of use of the fasteners. But as a rule, carbon, spring, and stainless steel are often used.

The scope of the washer is so wide that it covers almost all industries. These include energy, transportation, shipbuilding, agriculture, construction, military equipment, bridge building, etc.

The use of some washers not only maintains the reliability of threaded connections, but also improves the appearance of facade surfaces (washer – socket, EPDM washer).